Rosalind Elsie Franklin (London 1920 - 1958) was a chemist and crystallographer. Her father opposed her pursuing higher education, but he finally gave in and in 1945 she earned a PhD in chemistry and physics from Cambridge University. She made major contributions to our understanding of the structure of DNA and got the first image of the double helix of DNA and RNA, viruses, carbon and graphic via X-ray diffraction images. Four years after her death, James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize for this double-helix DNA model.